Pipe-wrench



(No Model.) j J. H. MQGAULEY & E. M. WINI 'REY.

PIPE W'RBNGH. No. 548,006. Patented Oct. 15, 1895.

NITED STATES PATENT FFICE.

JOHN H. MCOAULEY AND EDGAR M. WINFREY, OF W'IGHITA FALLS, TEXAS.

PlPEe-WRENCH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 548,006, dated October 15, 1895.

Application filed June 6, 1895. Serial No. 551,327- (No model.)

Texas, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pipe-Wrenches; and we do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use the same. The object of this invention is to provide a wrench that may be adjusted to fit accurately pipes and rods from the smallest to the largest of those in more common use, that will grip each with almost any. desired degree of force and yet will not materially mar or injure it, and that may also be used for ends not usually possible with hereinafter appear.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side view of the wrench. Fig. 2 is an edge view of the same. Fig. 3 is a section on the line 3 3, Fig. 1. Figs. 4 and 5 show details and relate to a certain disk, pivot, and spring hereinafter more fully described.

Referring to the figures, the body A of the wrench is .provided with a serrated curved jaw B, which is slotted through to receive an oval rotary jaw O, which may be described as a steel plate from whose margin have been cut pieces of various sizes, leaving re-entrant serrated curves D D, &c., extending successively nearer and nearer to the center of the plate. At the center the plate has a circular perforation in which fits a disk E, equal in thickness to the plate. Through the body A and the disk, but at one side of the center of the latter, passes a pivot F, which turns readily in said body, but not in the disk, owing to the non-cylindrical character of its middle portion, which lies in the disk. The pivot slides freely, however, in the disk, which is in operation a loose eccentric turning with the pivot. The latter is provided with a suitable head G, by which it may be either rotated or withdrawn longitudinally, and also with a flange H, notched at its margin to engage a short stud I, fixed in the body A to prevent accidental rotation of the pivot. The opposite end of the pivot projects through the body A of the wrench and is provided with a re duced neck J which is engaged by the forked pipe-wrenches, as will end of a spring K, normally holding the pivot at its inner limit, adapted to yield so far as to permit the pivot to be withdrawn for disengaging the flange H from the stud I. When the pivot is thus withdrawn, it may be rotated, and as it carries with it the eccentric a complete revolution necessarily carries the jawplate toward and away from every point of the compass, so to speak, through a distance equal to the eccentricity of the disk. When it has been rotated to any desired point, upon the release of the pivot the spring K draws the notched flange into engagement with the stud I, thus locking the eccentric. The j aw plate, however, still turns upon the eccentric and any one of its curves may be presented to the fixed jaw; but in order that it may not turn accidentally a spring-pressed frictionstud L is provided. Now, if a pipe or rod M be placed in that curve of the loose jaw which most nearly fits it and if the jaw be then turned until the pipe meets the fixed jaw also, the central point 5 of its contact with. the loose jaw will be at one side of the line joining the center of the pivot with the central point 0 of its contact with the fixed jaw, and force tending to turn the wrench upon the pipe tends also to rotate the loose jaw and to carry the point 1) toward the line ab. The pipe is thus grasped with great force, andthis force is enormously increased f the point b be Very near the line ab; but by means of rotating the eccentric this distance may be adjusted at will, and hence the smallest rod or a large pipe may be gripped with any desired force; and since a large part of the circumference is pressed by many small rib-like teeth there is little danger of crushing or materially marring the work. It is to be observed that the various curves of the rotary jaw give rough adjustment to many sizes of pipes, which is often all that is desired, and that the eccentric adjustment is used only when it is needed. The outer faces of the parts N of the jaw-plate are variously pointed and roughened, and as they are at difiierent distances from the central disk they pass in rotation ,more or less near the end wall of the slot in which the plate lies, and such nearness may be varied with great accuracy by rotating the eccentric disk. Wires and small rods passed through the slot at 0 may therefore be grasped securely and l with a head for rotating and withdrawing it,

held or may be drawn longitudinally--ends which are important in the work where such wrenches are used.

What we claim is- 1. The combination with a wrench body provided with a fixed jaw, of a coacting jaw plate centrally pivoted to said body and having gripping faces at various distances from the pivot, and means for moving said plate in the direction of the axis of the wrench and laterally with reference thereto.

2. The combination with the body of a pipe wrench having a fixed curved jaw, of a disk eccentrically pivoted to said body, means for rotating said disk, means for locking the same at various points in its rotation, and a coacting jaw turning upon said eccentric disk and provided with gripping surfaces at various distances therefrom.

3. The combination with a wrench body having a curved fixed jaw and a central slot to receive a coacting rotary jaw, of a revoluble pivot passing transversely through the slotted portion of said body and provided devices engaging to prevent its rotation when at its inner limit, a spring otter-ing yielding resistance to the disengagement of said devices by the withdrawal of the pivot, a disk lying in said slot and eccentrically mounted to slide but not to rotate upon said pivot, and a jaw rotating in said slot upon said eccentric.

4. The combination with a wrench body having the fixed jaw and the central slot, of a centrally pivoted jaw having its margin cut away to leave short edge faces at unequal distances from the pivot, and means for throwing said pivoted jaw bodily toward and away from the end of the slot in which it rotates.

In testimony whereof we have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

J Ol-IN II. MOCAULEY. EDGAR M. WINFREY. Witnesses:

C. M. Mosns, I. H. Mosns. 

